What is the minimum number of trading sessions required for an engulfing pattern to evolve?

What is the name given to an engulfing pattern that appears at the bottom of a downtrend?

In a bullish engulfing pattern, what color is the candle on the first day (P1)?

What does the presence of a doji after an engulfing pattern suggest?

How does a piercing pattern differ from a bullish engulfing pattern?

What is the name of the pattern that is similar to a bearish engulfing pattern but with P2 engulfing only 50% to 100% of P1?